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Malaria in pregnancy: small babies, big problem.

Umbers AJ, Aitken EH, Rogerson SJ

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  • Journal Trends in parasitology

  • Published 04 Mar 2011

  • Volume 27

  • ISSUE 4

  • Pagination 168-75

  • DOI 10.1016/j.pt.2011.01.007

Abstract

Placental malaria is hypothesized to lead to placental insufficiency, which causes fetal growth restriction (FGR). In this review, recent discoveries regarding the mechanisms of pathogenesis by which malaria causes FGR are discussed in the wider context of placental function and fetal growth. Placental malaria and associated host responses can induce changes in placental structure and function, affecting pregnancy-associated growth-regulating hormones and predisposing the offspring to hypertension and vascular dysfunction. Risk factors associated with FGR are highlighted, and potential interventions and studies to uncover remaining mechanisms of pathogenesis are proposed. Together, these strategies aim to decrease the burden of FGR associated with malaria in pregnancy.