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A four-drug standardized short regimen for highly resistant TB in South-West Nigeria.

Fadeyi MO, Decroo T, Ortuño-Gutiérrez N, Ahmed B, Jinadu A, El-Tayeb O, Adebola W, Kehinde A, Lynen L, Gils T

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  • Published 07 Apr 2023

  • Volume Epub ahead of print

  • DOI 10.1093/inthealth/ihad023

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Patients with TB resistant to rifampicin (Rr-TB), and those with additional resistance to fluoroquinolones (pre-XDR-TB), should be treated with bedaquiline-pretomanid-linezolid-moxifloxacin and bedaquiline-pretomanid-linezolid, respectively. However, pretomanid is not yet widely available. METHODS: This is a pragmatic prospective single-arm study investigating the efficacy and safety of 9 mo of bedaquiline-delamanid-linezolid-clofazimine in patients with pre-XDR-TB or Rr-TB unresponsive to Rr-TB treatment in Nigeria. RESULTS: From January 2020 to June 2022, 14 of 20 patients (70%) successfully completed treatment, five died and one was lost-to-follow-up. No one experienced a treatment-emergent grade three/four event. Treatment success was higher compared with global pre-XDR-TB treatment outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: While pretomanid is unavailable, highly resistant TB can be treated with bedaquiline-delamanid-linezolid-clofazimine.